The Ea pele(1), motheo hosekaseka ka tlhalosoho hlahloba
TheExcavator,eo hape e tsejoang e le mechine ea ho cheka (mechini ea ho epolla), eo hape e tsejoang e le excavator, ke mochini o tsamaisang lefatše o sebelisang nkho ho epolla lisebelisoa ka holimo kapa ka tlase ho sebaka sa ho beha ebe o o kenya koloing ea lipalangoang kapa ho o theolela polokelong ea thepa.
Lisebelisoa tse epolotsoeng ke moepolli ke haholo-holo mobu, mashala, silt, mobu le lejoe ka mor'a ho lokoloha.Ho latela nts'etsopele ea mechini ea kaho lilemong tsa morao tjena, nts'etsopele ea baepolli ba lintho tsa khale e batla e potlakile, 'me baepolli ba fetohile o mong oa mechini ea bohlokoahali ea kaho ea kaho ea boenjiniere.Likarolo tse tharo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa moepolli: boima ba ho sebetsa (boima), matla a enjene le nkho, matla a bakete.
Theloader, joalo ka ha lebitso le bolela "loading", mosebetsi oa eona ke ho kenya mobu holim'a teraka, excavator le eona e ka e etsa empa e sa tšoanelehe, bulldozing e mpa e le lehlakoreng la mojaro, 'me mojaro o na le mabili, kahoo e ka matha tseleng, Li-excavator, li-bulldozers le mefuta e meng ea li-crawler li ka tsamaisoa feela ke li-trailer ho fetisetsa sebaka sa mosebetsi, kahoo ho na le litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa tsamaiso ea koloi ea mojaro., mechine ea kaho ea mobu le majoe bakeng sa merero ea kaho e kang likou le merafo.
The Ea bobeli(2),motheo hoka sebopehohlahloba
Excavator: Mehaho e tloaelehileng ea ho epolla e kenyelletsa mochine oa motlakase, sesebelisoa sa ho sebetsa, mochine oa ho bolaea, mochine o sebetsang, mochine oa ho fetisetsa, mochine oa ho tsamaea le lisebelisoa tse thusang, joalo-joalo. pompo ea hydraulic bakeng sa likarolo tsa ts'ebetso ho sutumelletsa sesebelisoa se sebetsang ho phethela mesebetsi e fapaneng.
Loader: ho kenyelletsa enjene, torque converter, gearbox, li-axle tsa koloi tse ka pele le tse ka morao, tse bitsoang likarolo tse 'ne tse kholo.
TheEa boraro(3), motheo ho Mosebetsi ho hlahloba
Excavator: Lisebelisoa tse epiloeng haholo-holo ke mobu, mashala, silt, mobu le lejoe ka mor'a ho hlephisoa pele.Ho latela nts'etsopele ea mechini ea kaho lilemong tsa morao tjena, nts'etsopele ea baepolli ba lintho tsa khale e batla e potlakile, 'me baepolli ba fetohile o mong oa mechini ea bohlokoahali ea kaho ea kaho ea boenjiniere.
Loader: E sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa ho kharafu, ho laela, ho theola, ho tsamaisa mobu le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse kang majoe.E ka boela ea etsa tšebetso e bobebe ea likharafu mafikeng le mobung o thata.Haeba u fetola lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho sebetsa, u ka boela ua qeta mosebetsi oa bulldozing, ho phahamisa, ho kenya le ho theola lisebelisoa tse ling.Kahong ea litsela tse kholo, e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho tlatsa le ho cheka boenjiniere ba litsela, ho kopanya le ho kenya jarete ea sekontiri le samente.
Ea bone(4), motheo hophapang ea lihlopha ho tloha ho mohlalaho hlahloba
Li-excavators: li ka aroloa ka li-excavators tse kholo, li-excavators tse mahareng, li-excavators tse nyenyane, li-excavators tsa crawler, li-wheel excavators, li-hydraulic excavators, li-mechanical excavators, li-excavators tsa merafo, li-marine excavators, li-excavators tse khethehileng, joalo-joalo lihlopha tse fapaneng.
Loaders: Ho ea ka matla a enjene, li ka aroloa ka li-loader tse nyane, li-loader tse mahareng le tse kholo.
Sehlopha sa Excavator
Li-excavators li ka aroloa ka likharafu tse ka pele, li-backhoes, li-drag-line le likharafu tsa ho tšoara.Likharafu tse ka pele li sebelisoa haholo ho epolla lisebelisoa ka holim'a bokaholimo, 'me li-backhoes li sebelisoa haholo ho epolla thepa ka tlase ho bokaholimo.
Li-backhoes Backhoes ke tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa tseo re kileng ra li bona, tse nang le mokokotlo o ka morao, o qobelloang.E ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho cheka ka tlas'a sebaka se sebetsang sa shutdown.Mekhoa ea mantlha ea ts'ebetso ke: ho epolla ha foro, ho cheka lehlakoreng la foro, ho epolla ha mola o otlolohileng, ho cheka ho kobehileng, ho cheka ka lehlakoreng le itseng, ho cheka foro e tebileng haholo le ho cheka letsoapo la foro.
Moepi oa kharafu e ka pele
Sebopeho sa ts'ebetso ea kharafu ea moepi oa kharafu e ka pele.Litšobotsi tsa eona ke "ho ea pele le holimo, ho rema mobu o qobelloang".Kharafu e ka pele e na le matla a maholo a ho cheka 'me e ka cheka mobu ka holim'a sebaka sa ho emisa.E loketse ho cheka mekoti e ommeng ea motheo e bolelele ba ho feta 2m, empa litselana tsa ho ea holimo le tlase li tlameha ho hlongoa.Bakete ea kharafu e ka pele e kholo ho feta ea excavator ea backhoe e lekanang le eona, 'me e ka epolla thepa e nang le metsi a sa feteng 27%.
Teraka ea thotobolo e sebelisana 'moho ho phethela mosebetsi oohle oa ho cheka le ho tsamaisa lipalangoang, hape e ka cheka likoti le litutulu tse kholo tse ommeng.Mokhoa oa ho epolla oa kharafu e ka pele o itšetlehile ka phapang pakeng tsa tsela ea ho cheka le boemo bo lekanyelitsoeng ba koloi ea lipalangoang.Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli ea ho cheka le ho theola: ho cheka ho ea pele le ho laolla lehlakoreng;forward digging and reverse/ Ho theola mobu.
Hula-molamoepi
Litsela tsa ho hula li boetse li bitsoa "drag-lines".Litšobotsi tsa ho epolloa ha eona ke: "ka morao le tlase, ho khaola mobu tlas'a boima ba oona".E loketse ho epolloa ha mobu oa Sehlopha sa I le sa II ka tlase ho sebaka sa ho emisa.Ha o sebetsa, nkho e lahleloa ka ntle ka matla a inertial, 'me sebaka sa ho cheka se batla se le seholo,' me sebaka sa ho cheka le ho cheka botebo se seholo, empa ha se tenyetsehe ebile se nepahetse joaloka backhoe.Haholo-holo e loketseng bakeng sa ho cheka mekoti e meholo le e tebileng ea motheo kapa ho cheka ka tlas'a metsi.
Loaderke mofuta oa mechine ea kaho ea lefatše le majoe e sebelisoang haholo litseleng tse kholo, terene, kaho, matla a metsi, boema-kepe, morafong le mererong e meng ea kaho.E sebelisoa haholo-holo ho kharafu lisebelisoa tse ngata tse kang mobu, lehlabathe, kalaka, mashala, joalo-joalo, mobu o thata, joalo-joalo bakeng sa ho cheka likharafu tse bobebe.E ka boela ea etsa bulldozing, ho phahamisa le ho laolla le ho laolla lisebelisoa tse ling tse kang lehong ka ho fetola lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho sebetsa.Mebileng, haholo-holo kahong ea litsela tse kholo tsa maemo a holimo, ho sebelisoa litšepe bakeng sa ho tlatsa le ho cheka boenjiniere ba litsela, ho kopanya le ho kenya motsoako oa asphalt le jarete ea konkreite ea samente.Ntle le moo, e ka etsa ts'ebetso e joalo ka ho sututsa mobu, ho hohola fatše le ho hula mechini e meng.Hobane sejalo se na le melemo ea lebelo la ts'ebetso e potlakileng, ts'ebetso e phahameng, ts'ebetso e ntle, le ts'ebetso e bonolo, e fetohile e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea mantlha ea kaho ea mosebetsi oa lefats'e kahong ea boenjiniere.
TheEa bohlano(5), motheo hokgetholla ho tswa ho tshebedisoho hlahloba
Excavator: Excavator ke koloi ea boenjiniere e sebelisoang ho epolla kapa ho tsamaisa lintho tse kholo.
Loader: The loader e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa ho kharafu, ho laolla, ho theola, ho tsamaisa mobu le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse kang majoe, hape li ka etsa mesebetsi e bobebe ea likharafu holim'a majoe le mobu o thata.Haeba u fetola lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho sebetsa, u ka boela ua qeta mosebetsi oa bulldozing, ho phahamisa, ho kenya le ho theola lisebelisoa tse ling.Kahong ea litsela tse kholo, e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho tlatsa le ho cheka boenjiniere ba litsela, ho kopanya le ho kenya jarete ea sekontiri le samente.
TheEa botšelela(6), motheo holikarolo tse kholoho hlahloba
Excavator: Mehaho e tloaelehileng ea ho epolla e kenyelletsa setsi sa motlakase, sesebelisoa sa ho sebetsa, mochine oa ho bolaea, mochine oa ho qhekella, mochine oa phetisetso, mochine oa ho tsamaea le lisebelisoa tse thusang.Likarolo tsa mantlha tsa chassis ea ho epa ke: li-roller, li-idlers, li-sprockets, meno a koloi, lieta tsa pina le likopano tsa seporo.
Loader: ho kenyelletsa enjene, torque converter, gearbox, li-axle tsa koloi tse ka pele le tse ka morao, tse bitsoang likarolo tse 'ne tse kholo.
Mosebetsi o fapane.The loader e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa likharafu tse kang mobu, lehlabathe, kalaka, mashala, joalo-joalo. Moepi o sebelisa bakete ho epolla lintho tse ka holimo kapa ka tlas'a holim'a mochini, ebe o li kenya koloing ea lipalangoang kapa ho theola lefatše. - mochini o tsamaisang ho ea sebakeng sa polokelo.Lintho tse epolotsoeng haholo-holo ke mobu, mashala, silt, mobu le lefika ka mor'a pr-loosening.Sebopeho le molao-motheo le tsona li fapane haholo.
Li-excavators, tse etselitsoeng ho cheka ka ho khetheha, empa li ka laeloa
The loader e etselitsoe ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho kenya.E ke ke ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho cheka.Ho kenya mochini oa ho epa ha ho potlake joalo ka motlatsi.
Baepolli ba sebetsa ka tlas'a boemo ba fatše, ha lifereko li atisa ho sebetsa ka holim'a mobu.Excavator e na le ts'ebetso e matla ea ho feta 'me e loketse libaka tseo likoloi li ke keng tsa tsamaea joaloka merafo.Forklift e khona ho tsamaisoa haholo 'me hangata e ka tsamaea tseleng.
Excavator ke mochine o tsamaisang lefatše o sebelisang bakete ho epolla thepa ka holimo kapa ka tlas'a bokaholimo ba mochini, le ho e kenya koloing ea lipalangoang kapa ho e theolela polokelong ea thepa.Li-excavator ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea bohlokoahali ea mechini ea kaho molemong oa kaho ea boenjiniere.Li sebelisoa haholo ho epolla metheo ea meaho le lithupelo, ho cheka lisebelisoa tsa mobu, ho hlobolisa masimo a merafo, li-quarries, lithanele, lithupelo tsa ka tlas'a lefatše le li-stockpiles.Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho kenya, ho cheka likanale, likanale le ho phunya metsi, ho tšela le ho phahamisa kamora ho fetola lisebelisoa tse sebetsang.
Ka kakaretso,loader ke mofuta oa mochini oa kaho oa lefatše le majoe o sebelisoang haholo litseleng tse kholo, seporo, kaho, motlakase oa metsi, boema-kepe, morafong le mererong e meng ea kaho.E sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa ho kenya likharafu mobu, lehlabathe, kalaka, mashala le lisebelisoa tse ling tse ngata.E ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa kharafu e bobebe le ts'ebetso ea ho epolla litseleng le mobung o thata.E ka boela ea etsa bulldozing, ho phahamisa le ho laolla le ho laolla lisebelisoa tse ling tse kang lehong ka ho fetola lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho sebetsa.Litseleng, haholo-holo kahong ea litsela tse kholo tsa boemo bo holimo, li-loaders li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tlatsa le ho cheka boenjiniere ba litsela, ho kopanya le ho kenya motsoako oa asphalt le jarete ea konkreite ea samente.Ho feta moo, e ka boela ea etsa mesebetsi e kang ho sututsa mobu, ho hohola fatše le ho hula mechine e meng.Hobane sejalo se na le melemo ea lebelo la ts'ebetso e potlakileng, ts'ebetso e phahameng, ts'ebetso e ntle, le ts'ebetso e bonolo, e fetohile e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea mantlha ea kaho ea mosebetsi oa lefats'e kahong ea boenjiniere.
Ka bobeli ke ts'ebetso ea lefats'e, 'me bakete ea moepo (eo hangata e tsejoang e le mochini oa hook) e ka ea ka tlase ho mola o otlolohileng.Bakete ea loader e ka ba feela ka holim'a mola o otlolohileng.Phapang pakeng tsa tse peli ke hore li na le ts'ebeliso e fapaneng 'me ka linako tse ling li ka nka sebaka sa tse ling.Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea mofuta o mong le o mong.Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, lisebelisoa tse ngata ka sefofaneng se otlolohileng li laeloa holim'a mojaro, o nang le matla a maholo a nkho, ho sisinyeha ho feto-fetohang, bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho jara le moruo o motle.Leha ho le joalo, ho kenya thepa le mosebetsi oa ho cheka ka tlase ho boemo o ka etsoa feela ka baepolli ba lintho tse epolotsoeng.
Nako ea poso: Jun-18-2022
